Monday 22 July 2024

Karanta Asalin Hakikanin Tarihin Addinan Dangin Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W)

Tura Wannan Zuwa Ga

Addinin Hanif wanda Kakannin Manzon Allah (S.A.W.W) da mahaifansa (A.S) suka yi wafati su na kansa.


ASALIN TARIHIN ADDININ IYAYE DA KAKANNIN ANNABI MUHAMMADU (S.A.W) (Nan hoton kogon hira ne, inda aka fara saukarwa da Annabi Muhammad wahayin farko)
Hoto: World history


MarubuciSaliadeen Sicey


Addinin Ḥanīf (Da Larabci: الدین الحنیف ), ma'ana addinin da ya dace da fitra ko ɗabi'ar Ɗan Adam, yana nufin addinin da dukkan Annabawa suka yaɗa tun daga Adam (A.S) har zuwa Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W.W). Kasancewar “hanif” wata siffa ce ta addinin Ubangiji wadda yake madaidaici ba tare da wata karkata ba. Kuma musamman, siffa ce ta addinin Ibrahim (A.S).


Ma'ana ta zahiri


Kalmar “hanif” (حنیف) tana nufin karkata ko miƙa wuya. Suna ne wanda ma'anarsa ta ke cike da ƙarin haske. Don haka “hanif” yana nufin wani abu da ya karkata; ko kuma wanda yatsunsa suka karkata a waje ko kuma ƙafafunsa suna karkata ana kiransa "aḥnaf" (Larabci: أحنف ). 


Duk da haka, wasu mutane sun ɗauka cewa "hanif" yana nufin madaidaici kai tsaye. Don haka a haƙiƙa wanda ƙafafunsa suka miƙe ana kiransa da “ahnaf”, amma wanda ƙafafunsa suka karkata ba a ce masa “ahnaf”.


Ma'anar Tafsiri


Kalmar "hanif" tana da ma'anoni daban-daban na tafsirin  Alkur'ani da ilimin hadisi da kuma tarihin larabci a zamanin jahiliyya (jahiliyya).


Addinin Ibrahim (A.S)


A zamanin jahiliyya ana kiran waɗanda suka yi imani da addinin Ibrahim (A.S) da sunan “hanif”. Wasu ayoyin Alkur'ani sun yi nuni da irin wannan:


" Ibrahim ba Bayahude ba ne kuma ba Kirista ba ne amma hanifi ne, musulmi, kuma ba ya cikin mushrikai ” — Kur’ani 3:67.


"Kuma wãne ne mafi kyaun addini daga wanda ya sallama kansa gabã ɗaya ga Allah? Kuma shi ne mai kyautatawa, kuma ya bi aƙidar Ibrahĩm, mai karkata zuwa ga gaskiya, kuma Allah Ya riƙi Ibrãhĩm majiɓinci. ” — Kur’ani 4 :125.


Addinin hanif ya kasance addinin da ya kawo sauyi, wanda masu yaɗa shi suka yi kama da mabiya addinin Ibrahim (A.S). Mutanen Hanif sun kasance suna shakkar shirka da bautar gumaka; suna tafiya cikin kogo domin ibada, sai suka kira mutane zuwa ga tsohon addinin Ibrahim (A.S). Wannan ya sa sun yi tasiri wajen ruguza ginshiƙin bautar gumaka a yankin Larabawa. Don haka an riga an fara adawa da bautar gumaka kafin bayyanar Musulunci. 


Addinin Hanif” kuma ana amfani da shi wajen yin ishara da al’adun wasu larabawa a zamanin jahiliyya, wanda ya ƙunshi wasu ayyuka da suka yi saura daga addinin Ibrahim (A.S). Wanda Ya ƙunshi ayyuka kamar aikin hajji, da kaciyar yara maza da wanka janaba ghusl (wanka na ibada bayan najasa sakamakon jima'i ko fitar jinin al'ada). 


A Matsayin Mushrikai


Yahudawa da Nasara sun kasance suna kiran mushrikai da “hanifa”, don haka suka yi amfani da kalmar wajen bautar gumaka.


Juya Zuwa Addinin Gaskiya


Wasu mutane suna ɗaukar "hanif" da nufin mutumin da ya tuba daga addinin ɓata zuwa addinin gaskiya. Wannan tafsirin ya samo asali ne daga ma’anar kalmar ta zahiri kuma wasu malaman tafsirin Alkur’ani ne suka fassara ta.


Musulmi


A wata ma’ana, “hanif” na nufin musulmi (mutumin da ya miƙa kansa ga Allah ), kamar yadda Alkur’ani mai girma ya nuna a cikin aya da aka ambata ( 3:67 ). Imam Sadik (a) ya ce:


"Zama hanif shi ne ya zama musulmi (mutumin da ya miƙa wuya ga Allah)". 


kuma Imamul Baqir (A.S) ya ce:


"Al-qanit yana nufin mai biyayya, al-hanif kuma yana nufin musulmi".


Dole ne a lura cewa "Musulunci" yana da ma'anoni biyu: a zahiri yana nufin miƙa wuya da kuma tauhidi yana kuma nufin takamaiman addinin da ya bayyana bayan saukar Alkur'ani. Wani lokaci annabawan da suka gabaci Annabi Muhammadu (S.A.W.W) ana kiransu musulmi ko mabiya addinin Islama, wanda ake nufi da zahirin ma'anar kalmar.


Addinin Allah


“Hanif” wani lokaci ana amfani da shi a matsayin wata siffa ta addinin Ubangiji da Allah ya wajabta wa dukkan annabawa su yaɗa shi. Ana kiran wannan addini “Musulunci” wato miƙa wuya ga Allah. Kamar yadda Alƙur'ani yake cewa:


" Addini kawai a wurin Allah shi ne miƙa wuya (Musulunci).

- Kur’ani 3:19


Ana siffanta wannan da hanif saboda ya dace da fitra ko yanayin mutane. Don haka ne ma ake siffanta addinin Ibrahim (A.S) a matsayin hanif. Kamar yadda Alƙur'ani mai girma ya ce:


" Kuma ka tsayar da fuskarka ga addini a kan hanya madaidaiciya. kuma kada ku kasance daga mushirikai. ”

-  Qur'ani 10 :105


A cikin madogaran hadisi, an ruwaito Manzon Allah (S.A.W.W) yana cewa "Allah ya yi umarni da in kira zuwa ga addininsa na hanif". 


A cikin Alkur'ani


Kalmar “hanif” ta zo sau 10 a cikin Alkur’ani, kuma jam’inta, “hunafa’” (Larabci: حنفاء ) ta zo sau biyu.  Biyu daga cikin goman abubuwan da suka faru suna siffanta addini, biyar daga cikinsu suna siffanta addinin Ibrahim (A.S) ko tafarkinsa, suna neman mutane su bi addininsa saboda ya kasance kusa (ko “masu karkata)”. zuwa ga addini madaidaici.


Kuma akwai abubuwa guda biyu na kalmar da ke siffanta shi kansa Ibrahim (A.S); ɗaya daga cikinsu ya zo a cikin ayar da ke sama (Alkur’ani 3:67), ɗayan kuma ya zo a cikin ayar:


" Lalle ne Ibrãhĩm yã kasance abin koyi, mai ɗa'a ga Allah, mai karkata zuwa ga gaskiya, kuma bai kasance daga mãsu shirki ba. ”Qur'ani 16 :120.


Amfani da kalmar “hanif” a cikin Alkur’ani mai girma na nuni da tauhidi da fitra da mahangar Annabawa, musamman Annabi Ibrahim (A.S) kuma hakan ya saɓa wa shirka. Ayoyin ( Quran 6:79 , Quran 30:30 da sauransu) sun nuna cewa akwai alaƙa tsakanin zama hanif da fitra (wato fahimtar mahaliccin duniya). Wasu ayoyi (Quran 2 :135 da Quran 3:67) suna nuni da mas'aloli guda biyu:


Zama hanif ba yana nufin zama Bayahude ba, kuma ba Kirista ba. Zama hanif shi ne zama musulmi (a zahiri, wato miƙa wuya ga Allah). Kamar yadda kakannin Manzon Allah (S.A.W.W) da mahaifansa suka kasance.


A cikin Hadisi


Ana amfani da kalmar "hanif" sosai a cikin hadisai, tare da la'akari da asalinta a matsayin fitra ko yanayin da Allah ya halicci mutane.

TURA WANNAN ZUWA GA

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