NASABAR SHI
Ɗan Mukhtaru, ɗan Ahmadu, ɗan Mahammadu, ɗan Salimu, ɗan AbuI’idi, ɗan Salimu II, Ɗan Ahmadul Alawani, ɗan Ahmadu ɗan Aliyyu, ɗan Abdullahi, ɗan Abbasu, ɗan Abduljabbari, ɗan Idrisu, ɗan Idrisu II, ɗan Is’haku, ɗan Aliyyu Zainul’Abidina, ɗan Ahmadu Ɗan Muhammadu Annafsuzzakiyyatu, ɗan Abdullahi Alkamilu, ɗan Hasanu Almusanna, ɗan Hassanu, ɗan Aliyu ibn Abi Talib da nana fatimatu (A.S) 'Yar Annabi Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Alihi Wasallama).
Marubuci: Saliadeen Sicey
Sidi Abu Abbas Ahmed al-Tijani (Sidi Ahmed Tijani; da Larabci: سيدي أحمد التجاني) shi ne wanda ya assasa Ɗarikar Tijjaniyya, ɗaya daga cikin manya-manyan ɗarikun Sufaye a duniya. Mabiyanta galibi suna Arewa da Yammacin Afirka, tare da kasancewar Wasu a Kerala, Indiya.
Tijjani ya sanya wa kansa laƙabin Qutb al-Aqtab (ko Pole of the Poles) da Khatm al-Walayya al-Muhammadiyya (ko Hatimin Waliyyan Muhammadiyya).
An haife shi a ƙasar Aljeriya a kudu maso yammacin ƙasar a garin Ain Madi da ke wajen Mai Ni'ima Na Cikin Hamada a ranar 12 ga watan Safar 1737 (1150H). Ya fito ne daga zuriyar Annabi Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama, ta hannun ɗan Fatima Zahra (A.S) na farko Hasan I daga baya kuma ta hanyar Mawlay Idris, wanda ya kafa ƙasar Maroko. Mahaifinsa shi ne Sidi Muhammad bn al-Mukhtar bn Ahmad bn Muhammad bn Salam, fitaccen malami ne wanda danginsa suka fito daga ƙabilar Abda kuma kakansa ya yi hijira zuwa Ain Madi saboda tsoron mamayewar ƙasar Portugal ƙasa da ƙarni guda kafin haihuwar Shaihu Tijjani. Mahaifiyarsa kuwa ita ce Sayyida A’ishatu ‘Yar Muhammadu Ɗan Sanusi.
A lokacin da ya kai shekara 16, ya yi aure amma iyayensa biyu sun rasu Sakamakon annoba. Ya karanci Al-Qur'ani da Fiqhun Malikiyya da Tasawwuf a garinsu kafin ya yi hijira zuwa Fes a shekara ta 1757. A Fes kuma aka ƙaddamar da shi cikin umarni guda uku, wato Qadiriyya, Nasiriyya da kuma umurnin Ahmed al-Habib ibn Muhammad. Ya koma ƙasar Aljeriya don koyarwa a wani ƙauye da ake kira al-Abiad inda ya shafe shekaru 5.
A shekarar 1772 ya fara tafiya zuwa Makkah domin gudanar da aikin Hajji. A cikin tafiyarsa, an ƙaddamar da shi cikin tsarin Khalwati kuma ya koyar da shi tsawon shekara guda a Tunis. Daga nan ya tafi kasar Masar inda ya zauna tare da Mahmud al-Kurdi na ɗarikar Khalwati a birnin Alkahira. Daga ƙarshe ya isa Makka a ƙarshen shekara ta 1773 ya yi aikin Hajji. A cikin tafiye-tafiyensa, ya gana da Shaihu Mohammed bn Abdel Karim al-Samman, wanda ɗan asalin Madina ne kuma wanda ya assasa daular Khalwati reshen Sammaniyya. Shaihin ya gaya masa cewa zai zama babban qutb a yankin. Bayan barin Madina Shaihi Tijjani ya koma birnin Alkahira inda ya karantar da manhajojin Khalwati da ijaza na Shaihu Mahmud al-Kurdi. Ya koma Aljeriya daga baya, ya zauna a Tlemcen na tsawon shekaru biyu.
Daga nan sai ya koma garin Boussemghoun. A nan Shaihu Tijjani ya samu hangen nesa na Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) wanda ya umarce shi da ya fara sabuwar Tarika. A shekara ta 1782 shehin malamin ya kafa ɗarikar tijjaniya da zawiya a garin. zawiyar dai an fara ginata ne a Darul Maraya cikin garin na Fez a shekara ta 1204 bayan hijira, amma a 1218 aka assasa wannan ta yanzu, kuma ta fi cika ne a watan azumi. Ya shafe kimanin shekaru 15 a Boussemghoun yana jan hankalin mutane da yawa zuwa tafarkin Tijjaniyya, kafin ya koma Fes a 1796. An gina ɗarika ne kan abubuwa uku, Istigfari da Salatin Annabi da kuma hailala, kamar yadda kowacce ɗarika take, Tijjaniya ba ta buƙatar sanya wasu tufafi na daban, ko takurawa mutum kan sha’anin rayuwarsa.
Shaihu Tijjani ya samu karɓuwa daga Sarkin Maroko, Mawlay Sulayman, duk kuwa da irin yadda yake nuna rashin son wasu tarikun. An samar wa Shaihin gida aka sanya shi a majalisar sarki. Bayan ya fara ibada a masallacin Mawlay Idris kuma a gidansa, ya kafa Ɗarikar Zawiya a Fes. Ya aika almajirai daban-daban zuwa sassa daban-daban na Arewa da Yammacin Afirka don yaɗa Ɗarikar Tijjaniyya. Ba da daɗewa ba wannan umarni ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manya-manyan tarikai kuma mafi tasiri a duniyar musulmi.
Ahmad Tijjani ya kasance yana kula da kowa. Ko ’yan birni ne ko 'yan Ƙauye, ya ɗauke su kamar ’ya’yan sa ne, ko kamar ’yan uwansa ko abokansa.
Shaihu Tijani ya rasu a Fes a shekara ta 1815 kuma an binne shi a zawiya inda aka gina kabari. Ana danganta shi da yawaitar salatin da aka yi wa Annabi Muhammadu Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallama, Salatul Fatih.
A yanzu dai Ɗarikar Tijjaniyya ita ce ɗarikar Sufaye mafi girma a yammacin Afirka da Arewacin Afirka. A cikin wannan bincike da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba na tushen Tijjaniyya da ci gabanta a ƙarshen ƙarni na sha takwas, Zachary Valentine Wright ya kwatanta Tijjaniyya da faffaɗan tarihin ilimi na Musulunci a farkon zamani.
Da yake gabatar da tarihin wanda ya kafa ɗarikar, Ahmad al-Tijani (1737 - 1815), Wright ya mayar da hankali kan bayyana Tijjaniyya a matsayin ingantacciyar hanyar farfaɗowar Musulunci ta duniya.
